Zabby lassar



(No Model.)

. Z. SAR. STONE GHA me MACHINE. No.-497,379. Patented May 16,1893,

I i illllfllnflflflv-lllm NITED TATES.

ATENT ZABBY LASSAR, OF STINESVILLE, INDIANA, ASSIGNOR OF TWO-THIRDS TOCHARLES C. DUNN AND ABNER CONNER, OF SAME PLACE.

STONE-CHANNE LING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 497,379, dated May 16,1893.

Application filed August 2, 1892.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ZABBY LASSAR, acitizen of the United States,residing at Stinesville, in the county of Monroe and State of Indiana,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Stone-ChannelingMachines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exactspecification.

This invention relates more particularly to improvements in the cutters,chisels or picks employed in that class of stone channeling machines inwhich such cutters are arranged in gangs or series, and cut the stone byrising and falling thereon while traversing the line throughout whichthe channel is to be produced.

The object of my invention is to improve the form and arrangement of thecutters whereby the stone will be more thoroughly hashed or chopped, thechannel made more regular and uniform and all twisting action of thecutters avoided.

With these ends in view, my invention consists in certain features ofnovelty in the construction, combination and arrangement of parts bywhich the said objects and certain other objects hereinafter describedare attained, as fully explained, with reference to the accompanyingdrawings, and more particularly pointed out in the claim.

In the said drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a gang of cuttersor chisels of the old form, illustrating the shelving of the rock, orthe inclines at the ends of the channel, which result from the use ofsuch cutters without first preparing the stone by boring, as beforeexplained. Fig. 2 is a similar view illustrating the rock prepared inthe manner usually followed in the art. Fig. 3 is a plan view of achannel as produced by the old form of cutters or chisels, illustratingthe formation of the frogs in the stone. Fig. 4. is a side elevation ofa gang of cutters or chisels constructed according to myimprovements;and Fig. 5 is a face or end view thereof, illustrating the form of thecutting edges.

Like signs of reference indicate like parts throughout the severalviews.

Practice has demonstrated that in the em- 'nel.

ployment of stone channeling cutters of the old form, the cutters have atendency to work Serial No. 441,920. (No model.)

away from the ends of the groove or channel, and thus produce aninclined wall, 1, at each end of the channel, instead of descendingperpendicularly through the stone, a function necessary for theproduction of a perfect channel. This defect is due to, the fact thatthe end picks, 2, have heretofore been constructed with beveled ends, 3,and consequently when these picks descend into the stone their bevelededges strike the edge or end wall .of the channel, and this causes themto move forward while descending. This results in a slight shoulder, 4,on the end wall, 1, which when the cutters again descend, strikes thebevel on the end pick and forces the gang of cutters still fartherforward or away from the original starting point; and so, on, until thechanneling is finished, when it will be found that the bottom of thechannel is much shorter than the top, the difference in length beingdependent upon the vertical extent or depth of the chan- In order toavoid this difficulty, it has been proposed to first prepare the stoneby boring a hole, 5, therein at each end of the line to be channeledout, so that the end picks, 3, when they reach the end of the channel,will not strike the end walls,but will descend into the bores, 5, in astraight line, without forcing the cutters one way or the other. Thismethod, however, while effective'in avoiding the shelving .of the rockas shown at 1,in Fig. 1, is nevertheless objectionable, as considerabletime is consumed in drilling the holes 5, and the channeling processcannot proceed until such holes are completed. Another great objectionto this prior form is that the arrangement of the cutting edges is suchas to form frogs or projections, 6, at the bottom of the groove,whichbeing inclined at their edges, 7, like the chisels, 8, have a tendencyto throw the chisels out of alignment, and force them against the sidewalls of the channel, thus inarring the same, and increasing theresistance to the cutters and resulting in unnecessary work. In order toovercome these obj ections of the prior art,I form the cutting edges ofeach of the end picks or cutters, directly under or in a plane with theextreme end edges of the cutter bar, so that the cutting edges alonewill come into contact with the ICO stone; and I provide each of the endpicks with a number of cutting edges, the outer or advance edges of eachof such picks being at substantially right angles to the channel or theline of travel of the gang. V

The intermediate, or middle cutter bar 9 and its cutting edge, 10, maybe of the usual and well known form, beveled on both sides at the sameangle of inclination whereby it will not shift when entering the stone,but the end picks or cutter bars 11 are each constructed with cuttingedges, 12,13, on their inner and outer end edges respectively, which areparallel with each other, and with the cutting edge, 10, of the cutter9, the edges 12, 13, being formed integrally with their respective bars11.

As shown more clearly in Fig. 4, the outer cutting edges, 13, are formedon the extreme edges of the bars 11, and the distance between such edges12,13,0n each bar is at least equal to the diameter of the bar at anypoint throughout that portion of its length which is intended to enterthe channel, so as to preclude the possibility of the side of either ofthe bars 11 striking or rubbing against the end walls of the channel.Thus it will be seen that no matter how deep the channel may be, thecutting edges, 13, will always strike in the same place at the end ofthe channel, and the shelving of the rock as shown at 1, in Fig. 1,resulting from the use of the beveled edges, 3, of the end picks of theold forum, will be entirely avoided, and the end walls of the channelwill be formed parallel with each other and the cutters. The end picks11 thus constructed have the further advantage that the inner cuttingedges, 12, are much nearer to the cutting edge 10, of the intermediatecutter than they would be if formed at the apex of the double bevel, 3,as in the old form, and consequently the stone is more minutely dividedor shattered by the action of my improved cutters. In order that thestone occupying the space between the edges, 12, 13, may be more finelydivided or chopped by the cutters 11, I connect the ends of such edges,12, 13, on each of the cutters 11, by a crosscutting edge 14:, whichextends diagonally across from one corner to the other, and

forms on each of the end picks or cutters 11 a substantially Z-shapedcutter, as shown in Fig. 5. With cutters thus constructed it will beobserved that with but three cutter barsI produce seven cutting edges.It will also be seen that by the employment of my cutters having theparallel edges, 1O, 12, 13, the formation of frogs with the inclinededges, such as shown at 7, Fig. 3, is avoided, as all of the edges, savethe edges 14, cut transversely, or at right angles to the channel, andthe cuts formed by the edges 14 can have no tendency to twist or deflectthe cutters, inasmuch as the succeeding edges, 10, 12, 13, can neverenter the oblique cuts formed by such edges 14, but will always striketransversely thereof, and the oblique edges 14 cannot by any possibilityenter any cuts made by the transverse edges; nor can the oblique edges14 possibly produce any twisting action of the cutters individually,because the advance edges on both of the end picks or cutters 11 are atright angles to the line of travel of the gang or to the channel. Itwill of course be understood that the cutters may be held by a clamp 15,of any suitable or Well known form.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new therein, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

In a gang of cutters for stone channeling machines, the combination ofthe end cutters 11 having an oblique edge 14, and the transverse edges12-13 arranged one at each end of the edge let and forming aZ therewith,and an intermediate cutter 9 having a cutting edge 10 arranged betweensaid edges 12 of the said 2 cutters, and havingits end beveled on bothsides at the same angle of inclination, the said cutting edges 10, 12,13 being arranged parallel with each other and strictly at right anglesto the line of cut, and the end edges 12--13 on each of the cutters 11being arranged flush with the end edges of the said cutters 11,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

ZABBY LASSAR. Witnesses:

LoUIs N. WILLIAMS, CHARLES C. DUNN.

